D2L Corporation
2013-07-23T14:03:06-04:00
2013-07-23T14:03:06-04:00
D2L Corporation
Alabama Course of Study: Physical Education
The 2009 Alabama Course of Study: Physical Education serves as the foundation for the development of physical education programs that can improve and enhance the quality of life for Alabama students. By participating in developmentally appropriate practices outlined in this course of study, students learn health-enhancing and appropriate interactive behaviors while experiencing positive outcomes in motor skill development. This document provides the base upon which local school systems design programs to ensure quality physical education experiences for all Alabama students.
2013-07-22
2009
Strand
Skill Development
1.
Content Standard
Travel while changing direction, speed, and pathways to avoid contact with peers.
Examples: traveling in general space slowly and quickly and over objects; traveling under, around, and through obstacles
2.
Content Standard
Use correct form while marching and walking
3.
Content Standard
Demonstrate the nonlocomotor skills of bending, stretching, twisting, turning, rocking, and swaying.
4.
Content Standard
Demonstrate throwing and catching skills by throwing a ball overhand and underhand and catching a tossed ball before it bounces twice.
5.
Content Standard
Demonstrate individual rope-jumping skills by jumping over a rope lying on the floor, jumping over a swinging rope, and jumping a single rope five consecutive times.
6.
Content Standard
Move rhythmically to even and uneven beats in creative dance, aerobic exercises, movement songs, and simple dances.
7.
Content Standard
Demonstrate body control skills by balancing on multiple body parts, rolling sideways without hesitation, and landing with control from a jump.
8.
Content Standard
Combine fundamental movement skills and concepts in simple games.
Examples: walking, marching, galloping in personal and general space
1.
Content Standard
Demonstrate jumping and landing skills by using one- and two-foot takeoff methods, balancing at varying levels on multiple body parts, and forming bridges using different body parts.
Example: balancing on one foot and two hands in an asymmetrical position
2.
Content Standard
Apply varied effort and pathways to running, jumping, and throwing.
3.
Content Standard
Demonstrate nonlocomotor skills, including pushing and pulling.
4.
Content Standard
Demonstrate manipulative skills by catching a bounced ball with hands, volleying a soft object, kicking a stationary object, and throwing a ball underhand with two hands.
5.
Content Standard
Apply rhythmic movement to games, activities, and dances.
Example: combining traveling patterns in time to music
6.
Content Standard
Perform individual and partner stunts.
Examples: animal walks, forward roll, single-leg balances, heel click
7.
Content Standard
Demonstrate manipulative and traveling skills in game situations.
1.
Content Standard
Demonstrate leaping and jumping skills by transferring and absorbing body weight in different ways.
Examples: leaping and absorbing weight on one foot, jumping and absorbing weight on two feet
2.
Content Standard
Demonstrate movements that combine shapes, levels, and pathways into simple sequences.
3.
Content Standard
Apply body management skills on the floor and on apparatus while performing simple individual and partner stunts.
4.
Content Standard
Demonstrate correct form while hopping, galloping, jumping, and sliding
5.
Content Standard
Demonstrate ball moving skills by passing, dribbling a ball with dominant hand, kicking a slow moving ball, and throwing underhand with one arm
6.
Content Standard
Display basic rope-jumping skills.
Examples: demonstrating a double side swing with a jump, demonstrating a side straddle, swinging a long rope with a partner
7.
Content Standard
Demonstrate simple folk, line, and mixer dances.
Examples: rhythm stick routines, ribbon dance routines, polka
8.
Content Standard
Utilize combinations of the fundamental movement skills of chasing, fleeing, and dodging.
1.
Content Standard
Demonstrate correct form while skipping in general space.
2.
Content Standard
Demonstrate ball control while dribbling with the hand or foot in a stationary position and while traveling within a group.
3.
Content Standard
Demonstrate skills that require crossing the midline of the body, including hitting a ball off a tee and throwing a ball overhand.
4.
Content Standard
Use the correct grip while consistently striking a softly thrown ball with a bat or paddle.
5.
Content Standard
Demonstrate long-rope jumping skills by traveling in and out of a long rope without hesitation and executing consecutive jumps.
6.
Content Standard
Perform rhythmic movement skills of folk, line, and aerobic dances, including incorporating combinations of locomotor skills and partner mixing.
Examples: step-hop, aerobics, circle dances
7.
Content Standard
Demonstrate supporting, lifting, and controlling body weight by transitioning in and out of balanced positions with control.
Examples: headstand, cartwheel, mule kick
8.
Content Standard
Apply combinations of complex locomotor and manipulative skills by chasing, tagging, dodging, and fleeing.
Examples: catching an object while fleeing from an opponent, avoiding an object while traveling
1.
Content Standard
Demonstrate correct form while leaping.
2.
Content Standard
Demonstrate throwing, striking, and kicking skills by throwing overhand for distance and accuracy, striking with short and long implements, and kicking while approaching a moving object.
3.
Content Standard
Demonstrate short- and long-rope jumping skills, including individual and partner jumping techniques.
Examples: bell, skier, twister
4.
Content Standard
Perform multicultural rhythmic dances, including introductory square dance.
Examples: basic tinikling steps, aerobics, popular dances
5.
Content Standard
Demonstrate gymnastic skills while maintaining proper body alignment by transitioning smoothly between sequences and balancing with control on apparatus.
Examples: walking on a balance beam, transitioning from a right foot balance to a left balance while standing on a poly spot
6.
Content Standard
Apply specialized sport skills in combination with fundamental movement skills in game situations.
Example: passing a soccer ball to a team member while running down the field
1.
Content Standard
Demonstrate correct form while sprinting and running for distance
2.
Content Standard
Demonstrate correct form while fielding and punting a ball.
3.
Content Standard
Execute single and dual long-rope activities and stunts.
Examples: ball manipulation, simultaneous jumping and turning, performing routines to music
4.
Content Standard
Demonstrate rhythmic dances, including modern, aerobic, and ethnic.
Examples: grapevine, schottische, polka, tinikling, two-step, square dance
5.
Content Standard
Demonstrate weight transfer and balance on mats and apparatus by smoothly transitioning between combinations of traveling and rolling.
Examples: log roll, straddle forward roll, cartwheel
6.
Content Standard
Apply appropriate skills in sport modified games.
Examples: dribbling, serving, shooting, punting
1.
Content Standard
Demonstrate rope-jumping and original dance routines that incorporate varying lengths, skill sequences, and musical accompaniments.
2.
Content Standard
Combine a variety of skills into sequenced routines.
Example: combining traveling, rolling, balancing, and transferring weight into smooth sequences while altering speed, direction, and flow
•
Integrating fundamental movement and specialized skills into student-choreographed routines
Example: rhythmic, gymnastic, ball, and jump routines
3.
Content Standard
Demonstrate dribbling, shooting, and striking skills.
Examples: dribbling to avoid the ball being stolen, shooting with consistency and correct form, striking for direction and height
4.
Content Standard
Demonstrate forehand and backhand striking skills.
Examples: using forehand and overhand clear in badminton, using forehand and backhand stroke in tennis
1.
Content Standard
Apply coordinated movements, strategies, and rules to achieve success in a variety of sports and activities.
2.
Content Standard
Demonstrate strategic positioning for offense and defense in game situations.
Examples: staying between opponent and goal, moving between opponent and ball
3.
Content Standard
Demonstrate dances used for social and recreational enjoyment and physical fitness enhancement.
4.
Content Standard
Demonstrate a sequence of balancing skills by traveling on apparatus while working cooperatively with a partner to create a balance sequence.
Examples: balancing on mats, walking a line on the floor
5.
Content Standard
Demonstrate relaxation and stress reduction exercises.
6.
Content Standard
Demonstrate offensive skills, including pick, fake, and screen, for a variety of team sports.
1.
Content Standard
Demonstrate skills utilized in lifetime health-enhancing activities.
Examples: throwing a flying disk, hitting a tennis ball, putting a golf ball
2.
Content Standard
Demonstrate aerobic movement skills and the performance of original dance routines.
•
Choreographing routines
•
Teaching student-created routines
3.
Content Standard
Demonstrate combinations of balancing and supporting skills.
4.
Content Standard
Demonstrate skills used in individual, dual, and team sports.
Examples: basketball, flag football, soccer, softball, volleyball, tennis, badminton
5.
Content Standard
Demonstrate skills associated with adventure, outdoor, and recreational activities.
Examples: orienteering, skating, cycling, walking, hiking
6.
Content Standard
Demonstrate player-to-player defensive strategy skills.
Strand
Cognitive Development
9.
Content Standard
Apply movement vocabulary to fundamental skills upon teacher direction.
Examples: personal space, general space, hop, jump, march, walk
8.
Content Standard
Apply movement vocabulary to fundamental movement skills.
Examples: standing side-by-side; moving over or under, around, or through objects
9.
Content Standard
Identify cue words and terms associated with throwing, catching, running, and kicking.
10.
Content Standard
Determine speed and type of movement based on rhythmic beat.
Examples: skipping more quickly or slowly to varying drum beats, dramatizing emotions evoked by the mood of a piece of music
9.
Content Standard
Identify cue words and terms associated with hopping, galloping, jumping, and sliding.
9.
Content Standard
Describe how stability affects skill execution while participating in physical activity.
Example: wider base of support contributing to greater stability
10.
Content Standard
Utilize a variety of locomotor and manipulative skills to create new, or modify existing, games.
7.
Content Standard
Create appropriate physical education activities, including cooperative tasks, group challenges, and games.
8.
Content Standard
Identify cue words and terms associated with leaping, striking, and kicking
9.
Content Standard
Identify formations and steps associated with dance.
Examples: dance—square, line steps—grapevine, do-si-do
10.
Content Standard
Demonstrate positive changes in performance based on peer and teacher evaluations.
7.
Content Standard
Identify cue words and terms associated with punting and fielding.
8.
Content Standard
Describe relationships among strength, flexibility, balance, and coordination in successfully executing physical activities.
9.
Content Standard
Identify basic rules, player positions, and offensive and defensive strategies in organized games and in sport modified games.
5.
Content Standard
Identify rules and regulations for a variety of sports and lifetime activities.
6.
Content Standard
Explain the importance of repetition and practice as a means for skill improvement
7.
Content Standard
Modify physical activities, games, and sports to meet specified criteria.
Example: modification of games for personal enjoyment
7.
Content Standard
Identify appropriate drills and repetitions to improve performance.
Example: using nondominant hand or foot
8.
Content Standard
Describe the concept of effort as it relates to improvement of skill execution.
Example: slowing or accelerating skill execution to increase success
9.
Content Standard
Analyze peer skill performance for efficiency in sport and recreational activities.
10.
Content Standard
Explain differences between legal and illegal behaviors in sports.
Examples: National Collegiate Athletic Association rules, Alabama High School Athletic Association rules
7.
Content Standard
Identify rules, regulations, tactics, strategies, and rituals utilized in individual, dual, and team sports.
8.
Content Standard
Apply movement concepts to sport, dance, gymnastics, recreational skill performances, and other physical activities.
Example: utilizing flowing sequences with intentional changes in direction, speed, and flow
9.
Content Standard
Summarize research findings of at least one local, national, or international game for its history, terminology, rules, and basic skills.
Example: using the Internet or other research resources to produce portfolios, videos, slide presentations, photographs, or scrapbooks
Strand
Social Development
10.
Content Standard
Apply physical education class rules and procedures for starting and stopping, adhering to safety requirements, using equipment, and entering and exiting an activity.
11.
Content Standard
Demonstrate willingness to play with a diverse range of students using sharing skills with equipment and working cooperatively with peers.
12.
Content Standard
Demonstrate respect for classmates by playing without interfering with others and interacting appropriately with peers.
11.
Content Standard
Explain the importance of empathy for feelings, concerns, and limitations of peers.
Examples: explaining the importance of being part of a group; helping others cope with tragedy, home life changes, or limited physical or medical conditions
12.
Content Standard
Demonstrate responsibility and cooperative skills in physical activity settings by helping peers, assisting the teacher, and sharing space and equipment.
10.
Content Standard
Explain ways to resolve conflicts during physical activity in a school-approved manner.
Examples: walking away, speaking in a calm voice
11.
Content Standard
Demonstrate safety rules for physical education activities, including games that require implements and tag games that have designated boundaries.
11.
Content Standard
Display good sportsmanship.
Example: congratulating a partner or opponent upon completion of play
12.
Content Standard
Apply problem-solving, conflict-resolution, and teamwork strategies to cooperative and group challenges in physical education settings.
13.
Content Standard
Utilize the cooperative skills of listening, discussing, leading, following, and sacrificing individual wants for the good of the group in physical activity settings.
11.
Content Standard
List consequences of compliance and noncompliance with rules and regulations while participating in physical activities and games.
12.
Content Standard
Explain outcomes of positive verses negative responses to classmates when winning or losing.
10.
Content Standard
Explain good sportsmanship techniques for use in settling disputes.
Examples: remaining calm, controlling voice level, listening to all points of view
11.
Content Standard
Explain physical activity and safety benefits of exercising with a partner.
Examples: promoting adherence to regimen, reducing safety hazards
8.
Content Standard
Explain sport-specific etiquette and good sportsmanship for team, individual, and dual sports.
9.
Content Standard
Demonstrate positive social interactions in situations that include members of different genders, cultures, ethnicities, abilities, and disabilities.
11.
Content Standard
Apply methods for communicating with confrontational opponents.
•
Practicing social courtesies in group activities
12.
Content Standard
Demonstrate elements, including sport competency, literacy, and enthusiasm, needed to accomplish a team goal in competitive and cooperative environments.
Examples: remaining on task in a group activity, applying problem-solving skills, practicing safety procedures
10.
Content Standard
Solve problems in physical activity settings by identifying cause and potential solutions.
Example: describing appropriate responses to an unfair call made by an official
11.
Content Standard
Describe how recognizing opposing opinions and priorities, including displaying willingness to compromise, apply to teamwork and goal achievement.
12.
Content Standard
Apply positive reinforcement to enhance peer physical performance during physical activity.
Strand
Physical Activity and Health
13.
Content Standard
Describe benefits of regular participation in physical activities.
Example: developing a healthier body
14.
Content Standard
Describe the location and function of the heart and lungs
15.
Content Standard
Identify appropriate footwear and clothing for participation in physical activities
13.
Content Standard
Identify exercises that improve flexibility, muscular strength and endurance, cardiorespiratory endurance, and body composition.
14.
Content Standard
Explain differences between active and inactive lifestyles.
15.
Content Standard
Explain effects of smoking, lack of sleep, and poor dietary habits on health and physical performance.
12.
Content Standard
Describe the immediate effect of physical activity on heart rate, breathing rate, and perspiration.
Example: heart beat, breathing rate, amount of sweat increasing or decreasing according to intensity of activity
13.
Content Standard
Explain how physical activity affects overall health, including the heart, lungs, and muscular system.
14.
Content Standard
Explain ways in which food intake affects body composition and physical performance.
14.
Content Standard
Describe how the blood supplies oxygen and nutrients to the body.
13.
Content Standard
Analyze varying intensities of exercise for effect on heart rate using manual pulse-checking or heart-rate monitors.
14.
Content Standard
Identify devices used to measure cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength and endurance, body composition, and flexibility.
Examples: heart rate monitor, skinfold caliper, sit-and-reach box, pull-up bar
15.
Content Standard
Describe relationships among food intake, physical activity, and weight maintenance.
12.
Content Standard
Describe how aerobic exercise affects the efficiency and longevity of the heart and lungs.
13.
Content Standard
Categorize physical activities according to their most beneficial health-related fitness component.
14.
Content Standard
Define the four components of the frequency, intensity, time, and type (F.I.T.T.) principle as they relate to a successful fitness program.
10.
Content Standard
Describe progress toward achieving personal fitness goals for each of the health-related fitness components.
Example: tracking progress on personal logs
11.
Content Standard
Analyze exercise and heart rate data to determine adjustments to health fitness plans
12.
Content Standard
Identify possible injuries resulting from improper exercise routines.
•
Demonstrating proper warm-up and cool-down techniques
13.
Content Standard
Describe the structure and function of the muscular and skeletal systems as they relate to physical performance.
Examples: muscles pulling on bones causing movement, muscles working in pairs, muscles working by contracting and relaxing
13.
Content Standard
Identify factors that can be manipulated to achieve an overload in muscular strength and cardiorespiratory endurance.
Examples: muscular strength—repetitions, sets, recovery time cardiorespiratory endurance—frequency, intensity, time, type
14.
Content Standard
Explain correlations among nutrition, exercise, and rest in the development of a healthy lifestyle.
13.
Content Standard
Explain long-term physiological and psychological benefits resulting from regular participation in physical activity.
14.
Content Standard
Identify the role of exercise in stress reduction.
15.
Content Standard
Apply the F.I.T.T. principle to an individualized fitness plan.
16.
Content Standard
Design a personalized fitness plan.
Course
Lifelong Individualized Fitness Education (LIFE)
Lifelong Individualized Fitness Education (LIFE), a required one-credit high school course, provides students with a blueprint for a lifetime of healthy living. Through the LIFE course, students acquire information regarding various aspects of fitness and apply this learning to assess their own fitness levels. In addition, students are required to develop an individualized fitness plan that establishes a foundation for a healthy future.
Strand
Skill Development
1.
Content Standard
Demonstrate movement combinations from a variety of physical activities that enhance cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength and endurance, flexibility, and body composition.
Examples: running, weight training, circuit training, performing aerobic activities
2.
Content Standard
Demonstrate complex movement sequences in a variety of physical activities.
Examples: martial arts, dances, games, outdoor pursuits, individual and team sports
Strand
Cognitive Development
3.
Content Standard
Utilize rules and strategies for safe game play and selected lifetime activities.
Example: organizing teams for modified games
4.
Content Standard
Identify short- and long-term health-enhancing benefits of physical activity.
Examples: lowering resting heart rate, reducing stress level, increasing metabolism, strengthening the immune system
•
Identifying effects of age on physical activity preferences and participation
•
Explaining the relationship of physical, emotional, and cognitive factors that influence the rate of improvement in fitness performance
5.
Content Standard
Identify requirements for selected careers in physical education, health, and fitness.
•
Identifying factors related to career choices
Strand
Social Development
6.
Content Standard
Identify strategies for positive behavior modification and for social interaction among diverse populations.
Example: using peer intervention to bring about desired changes in behavior
7.
Content Standard
Explain the impact of participating in multicultural physical activities.
Example: developing cultural awareness
8.
Content Standard
Demonstrate responsible personal and social behavior during physical activities.
Examples: awareness of surroundings to avoid injury, respect for officials' decisions
9.
Content Standard
Demonstrate responsibilities of a leader or a follower to accomplish group goals.
10.
Content Standard
Critique a community service project that involves physical activity by identifying benefits, problems, compromises, and outcomes.
Examples: walkathons, fun runs, Jump Rope for Heart fundraisers
Strand
Physical Activity and Health
11.
Content Standard
Utilize health and fitness technologies to develop a healthy lifestyle.
Examples: heart-rate monitors, pedometers, spirometers, skinfold calipers
•
Measuring target physiological functions utilizing correct instruments
•
Calculating health risk based on body composition
12.
Content Standard
Utilize safe practices when participating in physical activities.
Examples: avoiding high-caffeine energy drinks, avoiding dangerous supplements, considering weather conditions, considering medical conditions and personal physical conditions
13.
Content Standard
Compare goals for attaining and maintaining fitness
14.
Content Standard
Construct criteria for evaluation of commercial fitness and health products and services.
Examples: cost, consumer reviews, availability
15.
Content Standard
Create a nutrition program that targets goals for maintaining energy and recommended body composition.
16.
Content Standard
Design a personal fitness plan that promotes activity for life.
•
Using selected assessments to modify an individualized fitness plan
Examples: range of motion, skinfold, heart rate
•
Applying principles of specificity, overload, frequency, intensity, time, and progression to physical activities
Examples: recording progress, selecting activities, arranging exercise, tracking progress
•
Demonstrating a lifestyle that includes participation in physical activity on a consistent basis
Course
High School Elective Courses
Elective courses in Grades 10-12 focus on the development and refinement of skills, knowledge, social and personal traits, and physical fitness acquired in Grades K-8 and in the high school LIFE course. This document identifies content standards for these elective courses. This content may be incorporated into any physical education elective course, including aerobics, weight training, recreational sports, or gymnastics. These courses are appropriate for students in Grades 10, 11, and 12 after completion of the required LIFE course in Grade 9.
Strand
Skill Development
1.
Content Standard
Demonstrate complex movement patterns in a variety of activity settings.
Examples: transitioning from a run to a lay-up in basketball, transitioning from a dribble to a pass in soccer, returning a tennis ball with a forehand ground stroke
2.
Content Standard
Apply movement concepts and fitness principles to a variety of physical activity settings.
Examples: offensive and defensive maneuvers in team sports, techniques in weight training
Strand
Cognitive Development
3.
Content Standard
Determine characteristics of highly skilled physical performances.
Examples: alertness in table tennis, accuracy in archery, agility in basketball
4.
Content Standard
Analyze physical activity, sport, and recreational practices for safety, risks, and consequences.
Example: staying behind shooting line in archery
•
Applying rules and procedures to avoid injuries
5.
Content Standard
Use competence, proficiency, and strategy skills to solve problems in a physical education environment.
Examples: gathering data, considering alternatives
6.
Content Standard
Evaluate facilities and programs within the community that may be utilized for maintaining lifelong fitness.
Strand
Social Development
7.
Content Standard
Identify characteristics of a responsible leader, including honesty, respect for others, and selfcontrol, in a physical education activity.
8.
Content Standard
Interpret research regarding social effects associated with engaging in physical activity with others.
9.
Content Standard
Demonstrate independence and self-responsibility in student-led physical activities.
Examples: creating a dance or rope-jumping routine, applying rules and procedures without continuous supervision
Strand
Physical Activity and Health
10.
Content Standard
Demonstrate the level of fitness required for successful participation in a variety of physical activities.
Example: performing aerobic activities for a minimum of 20 minutes
11.
Content Standard
Describe personal goals implemented in an individualized physical fitness performance plan.